{"id":21812,"date":"2025-03-10T11:16:54","date_gmt":"2025-03-10T17:16:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/evaluating-dsm-origin-source-lidar-or-photogrammetry\/"},"modified":"2025-08-25T16:36:32","modified_gmt":"2025-08-25T22:36:32","slug":"evaluating-dsm-origin-source-lidar-or-photogrammetry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/au\/stories\/evaluating-dsm-origin-source-lidar-or-photogrammetry\/","title":{"rendered":"Evaluating DSM and its Origin Source: LiDAR or Photogrammetry"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m72574fn-ffbc084537bb962549749cd713656df8\">\n.avia-section.av-m72574fn-ffbc084537bb962549749cd713656df8 .av-section-color-overlay{\nopacity:0.5;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-m72574fn-ffbc084537bb962549749cd713656df8 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  border-bottom avia-bg-style-scroll av-section-color-overlay-active container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay-wrap\"><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay\"><\/div><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-21812'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column av-rrdtfea-38e2ed7e9e855c385f776c7f10eadfae av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-1  el_before_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div '     ><\/div><div class='flex_column av-r9mzbaq-ec2a36ea3ec88ef07f57e7bfaa636f46 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m70xjoqf-cf239ab8caffb17afe3e2f9c8191746c\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-m70xjoqf-cf239ab8caffb17afe3e2f9c8191746c{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-m70xjoqf-cf239ab8caffb17afe3e2f9c8191746c .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-m70xjoqf-cf239ab8caffb17afe3e2f9c8191746c .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-m70xjoqf-cf239ab8caffb17afe3e2f9c8191746c av-special-heading-h1 blockquote elegant-quote elegant-centered  avia-builder-el-3  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  ><span class=\"heading-wrap\">Evaluating DSM and its Origin Source: LiDAR or Photogrammetry<\/span><\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m83gy8jf-59a692272ef317a1f253484ebe81bd20'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>A quick look at Digital Surface Models and why you might choose one source over the other<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class='flex_column av-qty13de-b50ba6a0fb110154c9f764e2a7debb7d av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div '     ><\/div><div class='flex_column av-1jibok2-f8603093fdfb0466336a439a00b3a9c4 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m83d1odn-f07914cd152422861908c1d7a2ff13f5\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m83d1odn-f07914cd152422861908c1d7a2ff13f5 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m83d1odn-f07914cd152422861908c1d7a2ff13f5 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m83d1odn-f07914cd152422861908c1d7a2ff13f5 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-7  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-17970 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-17970 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/60.144978-24.984679_Finland-DSM.jpg\" alt='' title='60.144978-24.984679_Finland-DSM'  height=\"576\" width=\"1024\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/60.144978-24.984679_Finland-DSM.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/60.144978-24.984679_Finland-DSM-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/60.144978-24.984679_Finland-DSM-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/60.144978-24.984679_Finland-DSM-705x397.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class='flex_column av-qbk7nbm-7d3b3c60248e6caca8b7b57719400d0f av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_three_fifth  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div><div class='flex_column av-q2x2iky-33ae0834c6a79a008cb15390eb276bb9 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m70xvfx3-52f776d6bcad60002e6f53a19674c2d2'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">When it comes to getting a clear picture of the Earth&#8217;s surface\u2014whether you&#8217;re in insurance, utilities, solar, telecom, or transportation\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/au\/products\/digital-surface-models\/\">Digital Surface Models (DSM)<\/a> are a key dataset for solving problems and making informed decisions with valuable elevation information.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">What elevation information are you after? The height of a building, vegetation encroachment near power lines, detailed outlines of roads or railways? DSMs provide a highly accurate 3D representation of the Earth, allowing for more detailed analysis to support better planning, risk assessment, and decision-making for multiple industries.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">DSMs can be created from both LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and photogrammetry sources. As a leader in aerial mapping and processing technology, Vexcel designs both photogrammetric and hybrid (photogrammetric and LiDAR) sensors, giving us deep expertise in the DSM products derived from these specialized sensors. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">With this expertise, we\u2019re offering insight and a comparison of LiDAR and photogrammetric DSM to help you answer a common question from customers around elevation data: what do I get with LiDAR or image-based DSM data and how can they best serve my needs?<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>Breaking Down How LiDAR and Image-based DSM Work<\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; font-weight: normal;\">To better understand which source of elevation data you may choose to work with, it helps to first get a quick sense of how they are created. This piece focuses on data collected with fixed-wing aircraft and how both types provide a level of detail about what exists on the ground.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class='flex_column av-pnax176-fac49c12a7ac960d1f92e6f21cb63b92 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/main><!-- close content main element --><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id='after_section_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-21812'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column av-4u66z5e-84a7e5545ac75865943d0756bcbbc115 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-12  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m7z4p9of-ae2e5fcd64950b8f343dec6ccafcba6b\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m7z4p9of-ae2e5fcd64950b8f343dec6ccafcba6b img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m7z4p9of-ae2e5fcd64950b8f343dec6ccafcba6b .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m7z4p9of-ae2e5fcd64950b8f343dec6ccafcba6b av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-13  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-17812 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-17812 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__LiDAR-1030x580.png\" alt='' title='VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__LiDAR'  height=\"580\" width=\"1030\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__LiDAR-1030x580.png 1030w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__LiDAR-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__LiDAR-768x433.png 768w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__LiDAR-1536x865.png 1536w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__LiDAR-2048x1153.png 2048w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__LiDAR-1500x845.png 1500w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__LiDAR-705x397.png 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m70xzke4-e78b07ce03360e61d46ed7887b5cca95'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\">LiDAR &#8211; a remote sensing technology that uses light in the form of a pulsed laser\u00a0 to measure distances of various surfaces on the Earth<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-o7mbalu-790ff83382fa160910ce8d38d9faf82f av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-15  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_three_fifth  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-nto20oi-1a69aedf829a26613c75ce143e242e92 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m70ydhr7-752aeae042d9dcd005f2125db9bd92c8'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5><strong>LiDAR<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>LiDAR is like painting the world with light, with lots of laser pulses scanning the ground to measure every peak, valley, road, and building with precision. It doesn\u2019t just capture what\u2019s on the surface\u2014it reveals hidden details thanks to the multi-return aspect of the laser pulses, slicing through dense forests to expose the contours beneath, tracking coastal erosion with pinpoint accuracy, and detecting the subtlest changes in terrain. Scientists have even found lost cities in the thick Amazon rainforest using LiDAR technology.<\/p>\n<p>The result is a rich 3D point cloud, a digital twin of reality, built with data instead of brushstrokes. And from this collection process, DSM is often a derivative product.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-n7cpu4y-f404138c020c4f2dbaff08c24a939946 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-g5e5yq-a0de04c3a22541d3d3abab8b253ef523 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-19  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m7z4reb6-60cb7f053cc3c44b36d65eacb54fd56d\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m7z4reb6-60cb7f053cc3c44b36d65eacb54fd56d img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m7z4reb6-60cb7f053cc3c44b36d65eacb54fd56d .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m7z4reb6-60cb7f053cc3c44b36d65eacb54fd56d av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-20  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-17814 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-17814 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__DSM-1030x565.png\" alt='' title='VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__DSM'  height=\"565\" width=\"1030\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__DSM-1030x565.png 1030w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__DSM-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__DSM-768x421.png 768w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__DSM-1536x842.png 1536w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__DSM-2048x1123.png 2048w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__DSM-1500x822.png 1500w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/VEX-567-GRA-Illustrations-for-DSM-LiDAR-Blog-V3__DSM-705x386.png 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m7z4u1ru-f5633dea3d623c354695d8dd8cf7a4b6'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Photogrammetric Digital Surface Model &#8211; 3D representation of all objects, vegetation, and features represented on the Earth&#8217;s surface<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-3xbhdxu-52c7b344077f1e23bb28dd4b51a29177 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_three_fifth  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-3m3thsi-79c15107e2a4ec5818ac20eddea0bec4 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-23  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m7z4vbtf-621152d413fe466af815249be6168ee2'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5><strong>Photogrammetric DSM<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Think of photogrammetric DSM like a patchwork quilt of images, with each aerial photo stitched together to create a seamless, high-resolution elevation map. Specialized software uses an algorithm called \u201cdense image matching\u201d which triangulates common points within these images, along with known sensor positions, to calculate the coordinate positions in 3D space, helping offer exceptional positional accuracy in the horizontal (x\/y) and vertical (z) dimensions (depending on the quality of imagery used to derive the DSM). These common points help generate the detailed model that reveals the contours of the Earth\u2019s surface, including buildings, vegetation, and trees.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">This pixel-perfect elevation model mirrors the resolution of its source imagery, meaning the better the source, the more accurate the model. This makes it a powerful tool for seeing beyond the obvious\u2014whether you&#8217;re mapping urban landscapes, understanding the height of an insured property, or optimizing telecom networks.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>Key Benefits &amp; Challenges of LiDAR and DSM<\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Both LiDAR and photogrammetric DSM (sometimes called PhoDAR) provide powerful elevation data, but each comes with its own benefits and trade-offs, some technical, some practical, and some financial. To break down the advantages and challenges of each, we gathered insights from Vexcel&#8217;s Head of Applied Photogrammetry, Bernhard Schachinger.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Schachinger explained that several key factors differentiate LiDAR-based DSM from image-based DSM. He emphasized that the most important considerations when determining how to use the data include the nature of the project, budget constraints, and the need for ongoing information to support decision-making. While both elevation types offer high-quality detail, understanding their differences can be critical to a project&#8217;s success.<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>LiDAR: High Accuracy with a Price<\/h5>\n<p>LiDAR is powerful. It cuts through tree canopy, maps fine details, and delivers stunning accuracy. But that precision comes at a cost, both financial and time.<\/p>\n<p>Most LiDAR collection occurs at a lower altitude, meaning smaller swaths, more flight time. On average, it can be significantly more expensive than image-based DSM, meaning most organizations can only afford to update it once every 3-5 years\u2014or more.<\/p>\n<p>With the lower, slower flight times, it\u2019s also harder to scale. And once it is collected, it can be slow to process with the filtering noise, point classification, and georeferencing.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-37dmzle-5ad3f773954e3cc3e61074d61d30818b av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-25  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-k8idjm-58941dfb252dd593f097ef6f52825472\">\n.avia-section.av-k8idjm-58941dfb252dd593f097ef6f52825472 .av-section-color-overlay{\nopacity:0.5;\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/bg-map-reveresed.jpg);\nbackground-repeat:repeat;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div id='av_section_2'  class='avia-section av-k8idjm-58941dfb252dd593f097ef6f52825472 main_color avia-section-default avia-no-shadow  avia-builder-el-26  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  border-top-bottom avia-bg-style-scroll av-section-color-overlay-active container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay-wrap\"><div class=\"av-section-color-overlay\"><\/div><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-21812'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column av-ml8xuz6-d446a10f25d8671b79b3931da328dc49 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-27  el_before_av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m70yjvrw-c45c09ee8194f08e615e4d65eb770aa4\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m70yjvrw-c45c09ee8194f08e615e4d65eb770aa4 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m70yjvrw-c45c09ee8194f08e615e4d65eb770aa4 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m70yjvrw-c45c09ee8194f08e615e4d65eb770aa4 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-28  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-17816 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-17816 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Captura-de-pantalla-2024-10-04-110508-1030x727.png\" alt='' title='Captura de pantalla 2024-10-04 110508'  height=\"727\" width=\"1030\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Captura-de-pantalla-2024-10-04-110508-1030x727.png 1030w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Captura-de-pantalla-2024-10-04-110508-300x212.png 300w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Captura-de-pantalla-2024-10-04-110508-768x542.png 768w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Captura-de-pantalla-2024-10-04-110508-1536x1084.png 1536w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Captura-de-pantalla-2024-10-04-110508-1500x1059.png 1500w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Captura-de-pantalla-2024-10-04-110508-260x185.png 260w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Captura-de-pantalla-2024-10-04-110508-705x498.png 705w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Captura-de-pantalla-2024-10-04-110508.png 1721w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1030px) 100vw, 1030px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m7253x0f-d11f826ac97d1f0d6992071906efa761'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\">LiDAR collected from a Vexcel UltraCam Dragon 4.1<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class='flex_column av-2fryiya-313dbebe334a1cf7164a12a7c0631568 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-30  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_three_fifth  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div><div class='flex_column av-7tz9ua-74d6cab1858fb1f4913f2c0b20ffbd50 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-31  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m7z53hgs-f585ee36d86fcbd645d3bd304e5ed65f'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5><strong>Photogrammetric DSM: Complex Terrain and Source Quality<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">Image-based DSMs offer a level of detail and accuracy ready to inform many projects. More cost-friendly than LiDAR, image-based DSMs benefit from highly automated processing and are more easily integrated into many GIS platforms. Image-based DSMs can also be more frequently updated depending on the imagery it is derived from, such as Vexcel imagery. Vexcel DSM is derived from 7.5-15cm resolution imagery, helping users see structured details of objects, structures, trees, and vegetation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">The challenges of image-based DSMs revolve around density or complexity of the terrain. Unlike LiDAR, image-based DSMs can\u2019t punch through dense vegetation to capture what\u2019s beneath a tree canopy or support the ability to analyze extremely fine detail like utility pole wire drop.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class='flex_column av-1gqpv1u-914c40dd58657adf7fe9055edf75bd71 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-33  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div><div class='flex_column av-m6y4c6q-e5f6ef5aa2ae7492a9c4d0f3808906d7 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-34  el_after_av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-m70ykwjo-fabeb922f62555cca9fa3ede9bd6b25b\">\n.avia-image-container.av-m70ykwjo-fabeb922f62555cca9fa3ede9bd6b25b img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-m70ykwjo-fabeb922f62555cca9fa3ede9bd6b25b .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-m70ykwjo-fabeb922f62555cca9fa3ede9bd6b25b av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-35  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" class='wp-image-17820 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-17820 avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Melbourne-Australia-bluesky.jpg\" alt='' title='Melbourne-Australia-bluesky'  height=\"576\" width=\"1024\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Melbourne-Australia-bluesky.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Melbourne-Australia-bluesky-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Melbourne-Australia-bluesky-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Melbourne-Australia-bluesky-705x397.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m7254c7o-c08ef92d9c0c9d5f2c38a9c40209ee08'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\">An image-based DSM derived from a collection by a Vexcel UltraCam Osprey 4.1<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id='after_section_2'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap fullsize'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-full alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-21812'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n<div class='flex_column av-lwet2oi-ce862a226dfe4fa02edd23857d1f69c5 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-37  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div '     ><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-l9x5p4i-b4f776c05a4eee2afda0c6894a92a6ba av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-38  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m70yrh16-e708f6960a022f4ae787452bb5876c1f'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5><strong>Additional Comparisons of LiDAR &amp; Image-based DSM<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">What other information is necessary to weigh when comparing DSM from LiDAR or image-based sources? Below are other key considerations to factor in when determining how to select elevation data. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Data &amp; Accessibility<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">LiDAR often requires a custom flight and collection, making up-to-date data harder to acquire. Image-based DSM, on the other hand, is more widely available and frequently updated through ongoing aerial imagery programs like Vexcel\u2019s, making it easier to obtain recent data.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Processing &amp; File Size<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">LiDAR generates massive datasets due to dense point clouds, requiring specialized software and expertise to process. Image-based DSM datasets are less complex and typically lighter in file size (not always!) like off-the-shelf DSM from Vexcel, and easier to integrate or down sample into standard GIS and mapping applications; no need for additional processing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Integration with Other Data<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">LiDAR pairs well with DEMs, contour maps, and 3D modeling applications, whereas image-based DSM is easier to use alongside ortho imagery, multispectral data, and 3D city models for visualization and analysis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Cost of Ownership &amp; Infrastructure<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">LiDAR requires significant investment in hardware, software, and processing capabilities. Some Vexcel Data Program customers say LiDAR collections can be 10 times more costly than image-based DSM. Photogrammetric DSM is more cost-effective since it leverages existing aerial imagery collections, reducing collection and processing costs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Temporal Analysis &amp; Change Detection<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">LiDAR excels at detecting terrain and structural changes over time, particularly in forestry, mining, and in particular, coastal erosion studies. Photogrammetric DSM is ideal for urban development tracking, construction monitoring, and disaster response due to its more frequent updates for surface changes.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-23f1aky-0c1334c10f1ad7d07762380f59db32af av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-40  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div '     ><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-25nndw2-ac1100d4e275cd9069ad713af3941b09 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-41  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m721poiw-a50943176e4b2112158a2af37bf4128c'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"twenty20-1\" class=\"twenty20\" style=\"width: 100% !important; clear: both;\"><div class=\"twentytwenty-container twenty20-1 t20-hover\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/DSM-station.jpg\" alt=\"Before image\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/TrueOrtho-Station.jpg\" alt=\"After image\" \/><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m83dbs2f-d38a574b334a7b647a3be31eafe077a8'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Vexcel DSM and TrueOrtho images of a downtown commercial district<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-1i40jxu-e0331d5f3de5e95a563b87d23917aa86 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-44  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_three_fifth  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-10cvq1e-06cab7d1cee3904ef12bb6a83ee49fc9 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-45  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m70zanro-a6677933e5eda9a9b9d5475fde492bbe'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5><strong>What Do You Need?<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>At the end of the day, what you select for your project really comes down to what you need and the parameters of your project, such as financial, visual, and practical applications.<\/p>\n<p>LiDAR is for when you need to cut through the noise\u2014super-fine terrain mapping, dense forests, precision modeling. Its ideal use cases are for specific autoclassification needs, topography, hazard assessment, and especially detailed flood analysis.<\/p>\n<p>Photogrammetric DSM is for when you need highly automated processing, scale, and more frequently updated views of the world. Top use cases would include urban planning, property analysis, change detection, telecom, utilities management, disaster response, and infrastructure development.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-2dhz4ya-1a8fe60cda56db8ad9fa57f769206e93 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-47  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-1x9wwia-c941b009b06885b8d6749e48e759d831 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-48  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m7z5l7m6-becfade4666f761cd4f09f731876c21c'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"twenty20-2\" class=\"twenty20\" style=\"width: 100% !important; clear: both;\"><div class=\"twentytwenty-container twenty20-2 t20-hover\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/DSM-intersection-freeway.jpg\" alt=\"DSM image of a freeway intersection published by Vexcel.\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/TrueOrtho-intersection-freeway.jpg\" alt=\"After image\" \/><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-zo439u-6c85b51b1c925de6e0d1f30946b55905'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Vexcel DSM and TrueOrtho images of freeway interchange in urban area<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-qhdsqa-3c9bec3a95d147e3f428d3c6c3bebb3f av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-51  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_three_fifth  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-1r1r78y-a9b8829bdedf8438a7459e86a71c09aa av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-52  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m721qshi-8cfdb5a726c3db809a079c9f569a1e5d'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Can\u2019t decide which to choose? Many customers are finding it necessary to augment their current LiDAR program with image-based DSM, helping fill in the gaps when they are between their scheduled LiDAR captures.<\/p>\n<p>At the end of the day, both sets of data can deliver powerful information, according to Schachinger. And it was also one of the driving reasons behind the development of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vexcel-imaging.com\/ultracam-dragon-4-1\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UltraCam Dragon<\/a>, Vexcel\u2019s hybrid photogrammetric-LiDAR sensor as it delivers the best of both worlds.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>A Customer\u2019s Perspective: DSM in Action<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Choosing the right elevation data isn\u2019t just about sensor technology\u2014it\u2019s about getting answers faster and smarter. Some industries, like the <a href=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/au\/industries\/aerial-images-utilities\/\">utilities sector<\/a>, need frequently refreshed imagery and elevation information to identify areas of change and to decide whether or not investment in LiDAR is warranted. This is where the power of updated image-based DSM can greatly impact how major companies look at their projects and manage their assets. Connor Valentine, PhD, of RedSynth, helps utilities and chemical plants analyze infrastructure using imagery and AI. As a former senior data scientist at FirstEnergy, he knows the challenges of managing assets at scale.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-testimonial-wrapper av-m867l561-15d57700d5f207b588ceb0c09e5905b4 avia-grid-testimonials avia-grid-2-testimonials avia_animate_when_almost_visible av-minimal-grid-style av-boxed-grid-style' >\n<section class=\"avia-testimonial-row\"><div class='avia-testimonial av-m867jdm1-5c31a09b89a4d72b69deb64d86462994 avia-testimonial-row-1 avia-first-testimonial flex_column no_margin av_one_half'><div class='avia-testimonial_inner'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia-testimonial-content '><div class='avia-testimonial-markup-entry-content'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h4><span style=\"font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;\">&#8220;The DSM dataset offered by Vexcel Data Program is incredibly powerful. Our clients are shocked by how quickly we can include height measurements in our analysis. Their history of height measurements goes years back in time, providing snapshots of height data for change detection or algorithms that learn over time.&#8221;<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"avia-testimonial-meta\"><div class=\"avia-testimonial-arrow-wrap\"><div class=\"avia-arrow\"><\/div><\/div><div class='avia-testimonial-meta-mini'  itemprop=\"author\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/Person\" ><strong  class='avia-testimonial-name'  itemprop=\"name\" >Connor Valentine, PhD.<\/strong><span  class='avia-testimonial-subtitle '  itemprop=\"jobTitle\" >Partner at RedSynth<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/section><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-m83hvg1x-f889eb6104824eb0cf6904b7c1799f74'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>One of the biggest advantages? Vexcel&#8217;s DSM aligns seamlessly with its <a href=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/products\/true-ortho-imagery\/\">Ortho<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/au\/products\/multispectral-imagery\/\">Multispectral<\/a> imagery, keeping elevation and imagery perfectly in sync. That means trusted, consistent data\u2014no guesswork, no data shifts.<\/p>\n<p>Some companies use photogrammetric DSM to supplement LiDAR collections, reducing costs while staying operationally sharp and informed. Other companies are finding they don&#8217;t need the high-fidelity of LiDAR and DSM will answer their questions. As Valentine puts it:<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Before you task a LiDAR collection, make sure your questions cannot be answered by using Vexcel\u2019s DSM product. The lower cost enables ideas that simply would never be financially possible with current LiDAR prices.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div><div class='flex_column av-vhazqq-01874a7b4fc9560b738cd3004eba64b1 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-56  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div><\/p>\n<div class='flex_column av-u6or2q-7df991b2e6e16f4b5ab9a003043e7dd0 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-57  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m721ujz5-0be31fe2ecaf2c5bf8ff1e4b5471dfa6'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"twenty20-3\" class=\"twenty20\" style=\"width: 100% !important; clear: both;\"><div class=\"twentytwenty-container twenty20-3 t20-hover\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/AustinSDM.jpg\" alt=\"Before image\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/AustinTrueOrtho.jpg\" alt=\"After image\" \/><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-uitzte-5628fe37c4501868e4e5058ba584f8e2'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Vexcel DSM and TrueOrtho images of a property in Austin, TX<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-1slyir6-ede6c112294aed0e178b28b3fd4b2902 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-60  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_three_fifth  first flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-1cbgeqa-bde6110c67d5c8656c001b6ab92c4b91 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-61  el_after_av_one_fifth  el_before_av_one_fifth  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-m7z5rolg-4f7b8e98a6bbb8defe624450421c93ab'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Vexcel DSM <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Looking to add elevation data to your project mix? Vexcel offers <a href=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/au\/products\/digital-surface-models\/\">high-resolution image-based DSM<\/a> in 40+ countries around the world and is refreshed on a regular basis with a point density of 177 points\/m<sup>2<\/sup> at 7.5cm spatial resolution (urban areas) and 44 points\/m<sup>2<\/sup> at 15cm spatial resolution (urban and rural areas). In the U.S., <a href=\"https:\/\/vexceldata.com\/countries\/united-states\/\">Vexcel collects data<\/a> which includes a DSM output up to twice a year in major metro areas, meaning DSM data could show shifts or changes when it comes to supporting urban planning and infrastructure development and line-of-sight analysis.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Learn More<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Vexcel Data Program does not currently offer off-the-shelf LiDAR datasets, but we provide a rich archive of photogrammetric DSM data with ongoing updates. We can also connect you with on-demand LiDAR collectors if needed.<\/p>\n<p>Interested? Fill out the form below to get a demo of your area and start using the high-resolution DSM data you need.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column av-iam34i-7d4e1e73dcefe63e92f4e4edacb7ab67 av_one_fifth  avia-builder-el-63  el_after_av_three_fifth  el_before_av_postcontent  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div column-top-margin'     ><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":17970,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[852,189],"tags":[232,210,797],"class_list":["post-21812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-inside-vexcel-au","category-product-au","tag-digital-surface-model-au","tag-dsm-au","tag-lidar-au"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.8 (Yoast SEO v26.8) - 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